Biology, Ecology, and Management of Deer in the Chicago Metropolitan Area W-87-R-8, Annual Job Progress Report

Annual Job Progress Report July 1, 1986 - June 30, 1987 issued September 28, 1987. Includes Appendix A: Helminthic and protozoan parasites of white-tailed deer in urban areas of northeastern Illinois, Jose G. Cisneros; Appendix B: Recommendations for a cooperative new initiative on urban deer management for Cook County, Illinois; Appendix C: Recommendations for deer removal on O'Hare International Airport.Report issued on: 28 September 1987INHS Technical Report prepared for Illinois Department of Conservation Division of Wildlife Resource

The Use of Monetary Aggregate to Target Nominal GDP

This paper studies the possibility of using the broad monetary aggregate M2 to target the quarterly rate of growth of nominal GDP. Our findings indicate that the Federal Reserve could probably guide M2 in a way that reduces not only the long-term average rate of inflation but also the variance of the annual rate of growth of nominal GDP. An optimal M2 rule, derived from a simple VAR, reduces the mean ten-year standard deviation of annual GDP growth by over 20 percent. Although there is uncertainty about this value because of both parameter uncertainty and stochastic shocks to the economy, we estimate that the probability that the annual variance would be reduced over a ten year period exceeds 85 percent. A much simpler policy based on a single equation linking M2 and GDP is shown to be almost as successful in reducing this annual GDP variance. Additional statistical tests indicate that M2 is a useful predictor of nominal GDP. Moreover, a battery of recently developed tests for parameter stability fails to reject the hypothesis that the M2 - GDP link is stable, but the MI - GDP and monetary base - GDP relations are found to be highly unstable. This evidence contradicts those who have argued that the M2 - GDP relation is so unstable in the short run that it cannot be used to reduce the variance of nominal GDP growth.

Measuring Money Growth When Financial Markets Are Changing

This paper examines the problem of measuring the growth of a monetary aggregate in the presence of innovations in financial markets and changes in the relationship between individual assets and output. We propose constructing a monetary aggregate so that it is a good leading indicator of nominal GDP; in general the weights on its components vary over time. We investigate two specific procedures: one in which subaggregates discretely switch in and out, and one in which the growth of the aggregate is a time-varying weighted average of the growth of the subaggregates, where the weights follow a random walk. These procedures are used to construct aggregates which potentially augment M2 with stock and/or bond mutual funds. Over 1960-1991, the time-varying aggregates look much like M2, but during 1992-93 the time-varying aggregates outperform M2.

Illinois Forest Game Investigations W-87-R-9, Quarterly Federal Aid Performance Report 1 July - 30 September 1987

Quarterly Federal Aid Performance Report W-87-R-9, 1 July - 30 September 1987; Study No. VII-D Harvest Strategies for Illinois Deer Herds, Urban Deer StudyReport issued on: September 30, 1987INHS Technical Report prepared for unspecified recipien

Electrical response of frog skin epidermis to sodium ions

Presently, the theory is held that the total frog skin potential (P.D.) is generated within the epidermis at two borders, the outer border and the inner border, which are said to be specifically permeable to Na+ and K+, respec­tively. This thesis concerns itself only with the electrical response of the outer border to varying Na+ concentrations in the solutions at the epidermis, [Na+]o. Contrary to expectation from the Nernst equation, the P.D. changes by only 17 to 35 mV, instead of theoretically 58 mV upon a 10 fold change in [Na+]o. This paper shows that it is very unlikely that the discrepancy between theory and experiment results from the participation of movement of K+, H+, and S04= across the outer border which indeed, seems to be specifically permeable to Na+. Results for epinephrine treated skins suggest that this Na+ specificity is complete­ly lost. A theoretical treatment of the mechanism of generation of the outer border skin P. D., presented in this thesis, shows that the difference between theory and experiment can be explained if two factors are added to the concept that the outer border skin P. D. is a Na+ diffusion potential. These factors are: 1) Continuous active transport of Na+ across the skin, and 2) Diffusion delay within the epidermis in the layers in front of the outer border. Taking these two factors into account, a modified Nernst equation was derived to show the dependence of\u27 the skin P. D. on varying [Na+]o. It is given by Equation (I8) in the list of Equations. A test for this equation shows that it adequately describes the response of tho epidermis of the frog skin to varying Na+ concentration at the epidermal side of the skin

Alien Registration- Martin, James H. (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21241/thumbnail.jp

Alien Registration- Martin, James H. (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21241/thumbnail.jp

Locomotion in Response to Shifting Climate Zones: Not So Fast

Although a species’ locomotor capacity is suggestive of its ability to escape global climate change, such a suggestion is not necessarily straightforward. Species vary substantially in locomotor capacity, both ontogenetically and within/among populations, and much of this variation has a genetic basis. Accordingly, locomotor capacity can and does evolve rapidly, as selection experiments demonstrate. Importantly, even though this evolution of locomotor capacity may be rapid enough to escape changing climate, genetic correlations among traits (often due to pleiotropy) are such that successful or rapid dispersers are often limited in colonization or reproductive ability, which may be viewed as a trade-off. The nuanced assessment of this variation and evolution is reviewed for well-studied models: salmon, flying versus flightless insects, rodents undergoing experimental evolution, and metapopulations of butterflies. This work reveals how integration of physiology with population biology and functional genomics can be especially informative